Chemistry Quiz - General Knowledge Questions and Answers

The O₂ gas itself is not flammable or combustible. Our atmosphere is roughly 79% N₂ and 21% O₂.

Photosynthesis: In the process of photosynthesis, plants convert radiant energy from the sun into chemical energy in the form of glucose - or sugar.

Water (6H₂O) + carbon dioxide (6 CO₂) + sunlight (radiant energy) = glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) + Oxygen (6O₂).

HCl + NaOH⟶NaCl+H₂O

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), is made from vinyl chloride (CH₂ =CH –Cl) monomer.

PVC is used as a good insulating material , rain coats, curtain cloths, hand bags, toys, artificial floors, gramophone records and wires and other electrical goods.

Teflon (Polytetrafluoroethylene) is a polymer that is made of polymerization of Tetrfluoroethylene( F₂C=CF₂ )

Teflon is used as a material resistant to heat & chemical attack.It is also used for making gaskets, pump packings, valves, oil seals,non lubricated bearings.

Chemist Gilbert Newton Louise defined the Lewis Acid and Lewis Base in the year 1923.According to-

Lewis acid:Lewis acid is any acid which is an electron pair acceptor.
Lewis Base:Lewis base is any base which is an electron pair donor.

Zinc is used for galvanizing other metals like steel and iron.

Zinc is more reactive than steel and iron, when the oxygen in the air reacts with the surface of the zinc, a very thin layer of oxide and protects the metal from further corrosion.

Soaps are sodium or potassium salts of long chain fatty acids.Which are salts made from the alkaline hydrolysis of fats and oils (triglycerides).

When triglycerides in fat/oil react with aqueous NaOH(Sodium hydroxide) or KOH(Potassium hydroxide), they are converted into soap and glycerol. This is called alkaline hydrolysis of esters.
Since this reaction leads to the formation of soap, it is called the Saponification process.

Calorific value: is defined as the amount of heat energy produced on the complete combustion of a material or fuel. It is expressed in a unit called kilojoule per kg. The higher the calorific value of a fuel, the more is its efficiency.

Biogas refers to a mixture of various gases generated by the breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen. It can be produced from raw materials such as agricultural waste, municipal waste, plant material, sewage, green or food waste.

Coal is a fossil fuel that is made from plant residues which lived and died million of years ago when parts of the earth were covered with huge swampy forests. Coal is classified as a nonrenewable energy source because it takes millions of years to build.

Coal is classified into four main types are peat, lignite, bituminous, and anthracite.

Peat Contains less than 40 to 55 per cent carbon.It is the first step in coal formation.peat contains a lot of moisture. It is a very soft brown coal.

Lignite coal usually contains 40%–55% carbon.It is a soft brown coal that still contains a high amount of moisture.This is lower grade coal.

Bituminous coal contains 45%–86% carbon. It is most widely available and used.It is a dense, compact, and is usually in black colour.

Anthracite coal contains 86%–97% carbon and generally has the highest heating value of all ranks of coal. It is hard and dark black in color,and has very light weight when compared to other forms of coal, as there is very little moisture present in it.It is the highest grade of coal.

Soaps are sodium or potassium salts of long chain fatty acids.Which are salts made from the alkaline hydrolysis of fats and oils (triglycerides).

Felix Hoffmann, a German chemist,produced a stable form of acetylsalicylic acid, more commonly known as aspirin, in 1897. Aspiring is used to reduce fever and relieve mild to moderate pain from conditions such as muscle aches, toothaches, common cold, and headaches.

Plants capture the energy from the Sun by a chemical process called photosynthesis. The product of photosynthesis is the carbohydrate glucose and oxygen which is released into the atmosphere.

Atomicity is defined as the total number of atoms that constitute a molecule. For example, each molecule of oxygen (O₂) is composed of two oxygen atoms. So atomicity of oxygen is 2.

A typical dry cell battery has a graphite rod at the centre, which acts as the positive electrode or cathode.

The three most common acids in soft drinks are citric, carbonic and phosphoric acids.

Citric acid(C6H8O7)preserves food and enhances flavor. It is one of the most useful ingredients in the food and beverage industries.

Carbonic acid(H2C03) is used to get the fizz, sour and sparkling taste.

Phosphoric acid(H3PO4) add a tangy flavor and prevents the growth of mold and bacteria.